There’s no better place than Botswana to celebrate the amazing progress African countries have made in strengthening the capacity of their health systems in the last two decades and consider how best to apply lessons learned from those successes to better prepare for future health challenges.  Botswana’s story is an inspiring story of a determined government working with the public and private sectors to put in place and sustain an effective campaign to address the HIV/AIDS crisis. An important early part of its success was finding ways to work with the private sector, which has helped spur further examples of public-private collaboration in both communicable and non-communicable diseases. This dialogue will commemorate PEPFAR’s 20th anniversary while considering lessons learned for strengthening African health systems, including measures to address the evolving shape of Africa’s health challenges as the incidence of cancer and NCDs becomes as challenging as communicable diseases.  In December at the African Leaders Summit, PEPFAR announced that it will focus on innovative new ways to boost African capacity to meet its own needs, combined with an emphasis on expanding the capacity of health systems to prevent, detect and treat a broad range of illnesses.  This dialogue will feature African Heads of State in discussion with leaders from private sector companies and health organizations discussing what the future of public-private collaboration should look like to improve African health sector capacity.